===== TABLE OF THE PRINCIPAL PREPOSITIONS =====

<WRAP column 47%>
| [b]a[/b] |  | to |
| ::: | [b]al[/b]<sup>([b]1[/b])</sup> | to the |
| [b]ab[/b] |  | from, beginning with |
| [b]akontre[/b] |  | contrarily to |
| [b]ante[/b] |  | before ([i]space[/i]) |
| ::: | [b]antel[/b]<sup>([b]2[/b])</sup> | before the |
| [b]apse[/b] |  | next to |
| ::: | [b]apsel[/b] | next to the |
| [b]da[/b] |  | from |
| ::: | [b]dal[/b] | from the |
| [b]cis[/b] |  | on this side |
| [b]de[/b] |  | of |
| ::: | [b]del[/b] | of the |
| [b]do[/b] |  | after ([i]time[/i]) |
| ::: | [b]dol[/b] | after the |
| [b]dorse[/b] |  | rear, back of |
| [b]dre[/b] |  | behind |
| ::: | [b]drel[/b] | behind the |
| [b]dun[/b] |  | during, while |
| [b]eske[/b] |  | except |
| ::: | [b]eskel[/b] | except to the |
| [b]exe[/b] |  | out, out of |
| [b]face[/b] |  | facing |
| [b]gre[/b] |  | in spite of |
| ::: | [b]grel[/b] | in spite of the |
| [b]in[/b] |  | in |
| ::: | [b]nel[/b] | in the |
| [b]ine[/b] |  | inside |
| [b]inloke[/b] |  | instead of |
| [b]infolge[/b] |  | following |
| [b]inte[/b] |  | between, among |
| ::: | [b]intel[/b] | between, among the |
| [b]intre[/b] |  | inside |
| ::: | [b]intrel[/b] | inside the |
| [b]inye[/b] |  | within |
| ::: | [b]inyel[/b] | within the |
| [b]je[/b]<sup>([b]3[/b])</sup> |  | to, in, for, by, near |
| ::: | [b]jel[/b] | to, in, for, by, near the |
| [b]kauze[/b] |  | because of |
| ::: | [b]kauzel[/b] | because of the |
| [b]kon[/b] |  | with |
| ::: | [b]kol[/b] | with the |
</WRAP>

<WRAP column 47%>
| [b]konforme[/b] |  | according to |
| [b]kontre[/b] |  | against |
| ::: | [b]kontrel[/b] | against the|
| [b]les[/b] |  | according to |
| [b]longale[/b] |  | along, at the side of |
| [b]mede[/b] |  | amidst |
| [b]meze[/b] |  | by means of |
| [b]nir[/b] |  | near |
| [b]obe[/b] |  | above, up |
| [b]on[/b] |  | on, over |
| ::: | [b]ol[/b] | on, over the |
| [b]pe[/b] |  | by |
| ::: | [b]pel[/b] | by the |
| [b]po[/b] |  | for |
| ::: | [b]pol[/b] | for the |
| [b]pre[/b] |  | before ([i]time[/i]) |
| ::: | [b]prel[/b] | before the |
| [b]pri[/b] |  | about, concerning |
| ::: | [b]pril[/b] | concerning the |
| [b]pro[/b] |  | for, in favor of, per |
| [b]rektele[/b] |  | overleaf |
| [b]rir[/b] |  | behind |
| [b]rispe[/b] |  | in reply to |
| [b]ritre[/b] |  | behind |
| [b]sen[/b] |  | without |
| [b]she[/b] |  | at, to |
| [b]sub[/b] |  | under |
| [b]sube[/b] |  | under, below |
| ::: | [b]subel[/b] | under the |
| [b]sur[/b] |  | over, above |
| [b]sure[/b] |  | above |
| [b]terge[/b] |  | on the back, overleaf |
| [b]tra, trans[/b] |  | beyond |
| [b]tru[/b] |  | through |
| ::: | [b]trul[/b] | through the |
| [b]u[/b]<sup>([b]4[/b])</sup> |  | at, in possession of |
| ::: | [b]ul[/b] | at the, in possession of the |
| [b]um[/b] |  | around |
| [b]unte[/b] |  | down |
| ::: | [b]untel[/b] | down the |
| [b]us[/b] |  | until |
</WRAP>

<WRAP clear></WRAP>

<sup>([b]1[/b])</sup> Neo very often contracts the preposition with the definite article:\\
| [b]Il dir sa dengo [i]al[/i] pov vir.[/b] | He gave his money [i]to the[/i] poor man. |
| [b][i]Prel[/i] marlo de ma frat.[/b] | [i]Before[/i] my brother’s marriage. |
| [b][i]Antel[/i] fenso un tablo[/b] | A table (is) [i]before the[/i] window. |
| [b]Ma frat marlir [i]prel[/i] guer[/b] | My brother married [i]before the[/i] war. |
| [b][i]Dol[/i] guer ecos prosperir.[/b] | [i]After the[/i] business flourished. |
| [b]El gir [i]al[/i] garden [i]kol[/i] filin [i]del[/i] ensener.[/b] | She went [i]to the[/i] garden [i]with the[/i] teacher’s daughter. |
| [b]Zi parlar [i]pril[/i] tertrem.[/b] | They are talking [i]about the[/i] earth-quake. |
 
<sup>([b]2[/b])</sup> The terminal l of the contraction does not shift the stress from the first syllable: [b][u]á[/u]ntel, [u]á[/u]psel, [u]é[/u]skel, k[u]ó[/u]ntrel, k[u]á[/u]uzel[/b], etc.\\
<sup>([b]3[/b])</sup> [b]je[/b] has all sorts of meanings and is used whenever doubt is felt regarding use of other prepositions.\\
<sup>([b]4[/b])</sup> the preposition [b]u[/b] (replaced in Latin with the dative) corresponds to the Russian [i]u[/i]: [b]u mi libro[/b] I have, I possess a book (Latin: [i]est mihi liber[/i]; Russian: [i]u menya kniga[/i]).


[i]PREPOSITIONS AND ADVERBS[/i] are frequently used as [i][u]PREFIXES[/u][/i], as well for adjective as for adverbial use:\\
[b]preguera[/b] pre-war; [b]preguere[/b] before the war; [b]prenasa[/b] prenatal; [b]prenase[/b] before the birth; [b]preexista[/b] preexistent; [b]preexiste[/b] before the existence; [b]doskola[/b] after-school; [b]doskole[/b] after school; [b]doguera[/b] after-war; [b]doguere[/b] after the war; [b]nokviva[/b] still living; [b]semliba[/b] always beloved; [b]ma semlibat[/b] my always beloved (man, son, lover); [b]ma semlibin[/b] my always beloved (wife, daughter, girl); [b]niudat[/b] never heard; [b]nivinkat[/b] never vanquished; [b]maname e name ma frat[/b] in my name and in my brother’s name.


[b][i]EXERCISE[/i][/b]

| [b]Vo lo dom de ta profesor?[/b] | Where is your professor’s house? |
| [b]Lo dom del profesor drel klezo.[/b] | The professor’s house is behind the church. |
| [b]Mi ju venar dal klezo.[/b] | I have just come from church. |
| [b]Perdinde lo klil del pordo, il entrir trul fenso del kuk.[/b] | Having lost the door’s key, he entered through the kitchen’s window. |
| [b]El skribir un libro pril guer.[/b] | She wrote a book about the war. |
| [b]Mi exor au kon tu au kon nilun.[/b] | I’ll go out either with you or with nobody. |
| [b]Nilosun venir etmatin.[/b] | Nobody else came this morning. |
| [b]Vur tu i somoso?[/b] | Would you like to have something else? |
| [b]Dank, mi nesar niloso.[/b] | Thank you, I don’t want anything else. |
| [b]Et labor endenda inyel vek.[/b] | This work is to be finished within the week. |
| [b]Sar lo libro ol tablo?[/b] | Is the book on the table? |
| [b]U il du filyos e un filin.[/b] | He has two sons and a daughter. |
| [b]No fexu kontre destin![/b] | Don’t struggle against destiny! |
| [b]Nel mensocar vu par edi kelore[/b] | In the dining-car you can eat at any time. |
| [b]Vidir vu somun nel dom del librer?[/b] | Did you see anybody at the book-seller’s house? |
| [b]Ye sir sa filin kon la spozo.[/b] | There was his daughter with her husband. |
| [b]L’ensener parlar al alevos.[/b] | The teacher talks to the pupils. |
| [b]Il parlar kon un alevin.[/b] | He is talking with a (girl) pupil. |
| [b]Il parlar pril libro de la patro.[/b] | He is talking about her father’s book. |
| [b]Il parlar pri sa libro.[/b] | He is talking about his (own) book. |
| [b]Lo vir jel griza gantos.[/b] | The man with the grey gloves. |
| [b]Tos venir kune kol nuv vestos.[/b] | All came together with the new garments. |
| [b]Kelo il dicar, no pavu.[/b] | Whatever he says, don’t be afraid. |
| [b]Mi prenar etun; totosunos po vu.[/b] | I take this one; all others are for you. |
| [b]Eto me plar, yeno no.[/b] | This pleases me, that does not. |
| [b]Mi fonir al doktor; somosun rispir.[/b] | I called the doctor; somebody else answered. |
| [b]Venu kon mi shel doktor, ose mi no gor.[/b] | Come with me to the doctor’s; otherwise I will not go. |
| [b]Rispe va brif, nos glada v’informi nos ar lo libro vu kirar.[/b] | In reply to your letter, we are glad to inform you that we have the book you are looking for. |
| [b]Es vu par atendi us kras, mi vole exor kon vu.[/b] | If you can wait until tomorrow, I’ll willingly go out with you. |