Neo IAL

AFFIXES

PREFIXES

ad-	deputy, assistant, under-, sub-	adsekrer under-secretary; adderker sub-manager; adroy viceroy; adkolnel lieutenant-colonel; adlinguo auxiliary language.
amb-	both	ambelta of both sides; ambelte on both sides; amb-dezo both side’s wish; ambdecide by both side’s decision.
ante-	before (place)	antekam antechamber; antegardo vanguard; antecentro centre-forward; antekortel fore-court; antebraso fore-arm.
anti-	contrary, anti-	antialkola anti-alcoholic; antiatoma anti-atomic; antikolonyismo anti-colonialism; antifebra antipyretic; antiprotekismo antiprotectionism; antikonstitua anticonstitutional.
arci-	higher degree, most, extreme, over-	arcidux archduke; arcirika extremely rich; arcikolma overcrowded; arcivesko archbishop; arciveska archiepiscopal.
bi-, du-	two-, bi-	bilingua bilingual; dulingue in two languages; bimetala bimetallic; bimesa bimonthly (of 2 months).
bis-	twice, double	bisveka twice-weekly; bismesa twice-monthly; biside twice a day; bisanye twice a year.
bo-	kinship by marriage	bopatro father-in-law; bomatro mother-in-law; bofrat brother-in-law; bosor sister-in law; bofilyo son-in-law; bofilin daughter-in-law; boeltros parents-in-law.
di-	private, undoing	difi to undo; diarmo disarmament; divantagi to disadvantage; dipoezi to depoetize.
do-	after (time)	domid afternoon; domida of the afternoon; domide in the afternoon; doguera postwar; doguera presyos postwar prices; doskola afterschool.
duf-	difficult	dufplekibla difficult to explain; dufvendibla difficult to sell; dufkapibla difficult to grasp; duflektibla difficult to read; dufudera hard of hearing.
ex-	ex-, former	exroy ex-king; expresident ex-president; exspozo former husband.
ge-	of both sexes	gesiros ladies and gentlemen; gefratos brothers and sisters; gespozos husband and wife (Gesp. Mr. and Mrs.).
in-	entering, introducing	inmixi to interfere; inkasi to encash; inkesi to encase; involvi to envelop.
inter-	between	interven intervention; interlini to interline; internasyona international.
intra-	interior	intravenya intravenous; intramuskla intramuscular; intraderma intradermic; intracelula intracellular.
ize-	easy	izeplekibla easy to explain; izedicibla easy to say; izekomprenibla easy to understand.
ju-	just	jumarlat just married; juparsat just published; junasat newborn; juarivat just arrived; juricat just received.
mal-	pejorative	malfama ill-famed, disreputable; malformo malformation; malix bad luck; malonesta dishonest; malablo awkwardness.
mis-	badly	misinformo misinformation; misposal misfeasance; mistrati mishandle; mispronunco mispronunciation.
mul-	many-, poly-, much	mulforma multiform; muldenga having much money; mulsilba polysyllabic; mulsorta artiklos many sorts of articles.
nar-	next, to come	narvek next week; narmes next month; narmesa next month’s; nardominke next Sunday (adv.); narsaba next Saturday’s; naryes next time; naroxe on the next occasion.
ni-	never	niudat never heard, unheard-of; nividat never seen; nivinkat unconquered, never vanquished.
no-	negative	noposibla impossible; noendat unfinished; novera not true; novole unwillingly; nokribla unbelievable; nonegibla undeniable; nonoposibla not impossible.
pas-	last, past	pasmirko last Wednesday; pasvek last week; pasveka last week’s; pasyema last winter’s; pasanya last year’s.
pre-	before (time)	preistora prehistoric; preistor prehistory; predanki to thank in advance; predestin predestination; prelasta last but one.
re-	repetition	refi to do again; renuvi to renew; relekti to read again; reinstal reinstallation; reprint reprint, reimpression; remarlo remarriage; redici to say again.
ri-	kinship by remarriage; replacement	rimatro stepmother; ripatro stepfather; rifrat stepbrother, half-brother; risor stepsister, half-sister; ripyesos spare parts; rirot spare wheel; rigumon spare tyre; rifolyos refills (sheets).
rir-	rear, back	rirshop back-shop; rirgardo rearguard; rirsizo late season; rirpenso hidden motive; riraktiva retroactive; ririgi to go into reverse.
sam-	similarity, equality	samlandan fellow-countryman; samtempe at the same time; samkolora of the same color; samidea having the same ideas; samidean, samidein a man, a woman having the same ideas.
semi-	half-	semivege half-way (adv.); semitemp, -a, -e half-time; semilongo half-length; semimorta half-dead; semibak half-back.
sen-	without, lack of	senmova immobile; senmovo immobility; senodora odourless; senkondisa unconditional; senposo powerlessness; sendulda impatient; senduldo impatience.
sub-	under	subtera underground (adj.); submara submarine (adj.); submarior submarine (ship); subsuol subsoil; subdevolva under-developed; substimi to underrate.
su- (sub-)	when preceding a vowel	suagent, -ur sub-agent, sub-agency; suevalui to undervalue; suoficer non-commissioned Officer.
sur-	over, super	surom superman; suroma superhuman; surstimadi to over-valuate; surkoti to overtrump; surabondo super-abundance.
to-	all-, any-	tokolora variegated, multi-coloured; tomode anyhow; tosorta of all sorts; tosorta jensos all sorts of people.
tri-, tre-	three	trimes three months, quarter; trimesa, -e quarterly; trigon triangle; triped tripod; trebeda kam bedroom with 3 beds.
tris-	three times, thrice	trismese three times a month; trisanya periodik periodical published thrice yearly.
un-	one, mono-	unalma, -e unanimous, -ly; unalmeso unanimity; unelta, -eso unilateral, -ity; unkolora one-colored; underka veo one-way street; unsilaba monosyllabic.
yo-	ago	yolong long time ago; yopok a short time ago; yovek week ago; yovekos some weeks ago; yoanya koronazo the coronation of a year ago.

Neo also uses Greek and Latin prefixes: poli-, para-, mono-, qasi-, ipo-, iper-, homo-, infra-, extra-, tetra-, penta-, exa-, epta-, okto-, deka-, endeka-, ikosa-, omni-, multi-, etc.

SUFFIXES

~ac	pejorative	viraco bad man, ruffian; boyaco bad, nasty boy, guttersnipe; libraco bad book; verkaci to bungle, to botch.
~ad	action	dumando nonsense; fanfaronado fanfaronade; shenado staging; shenader stage-manager; movadi to move on.
	blow	pugnado punch; pedado kick; pedadi to kick.
	function, office	veskado bishopric; veskada diocesan; ambasado embassy; profesorado professorship; chair.
~al	language	Anglal English; Fransal French; Deucal Germany; Italal Italian; Espanal Spanish; Parisal Parisian slang; Grekal modern Greek (ancient Greek: Grek); Rusal Russian; Nedal Dutch; Polnal Polish; Cinal Chinese; Japonal Japanese.
	botanic family	rozal(-os) rosaceae; cipresal cupressaceae; verbenal(-os) verbenaceae.
	order, class	primala primary; duala secondary; treala tertiary; primalun a primary-school pupil, a man of primary culture; un daliun a secondary-school schoolgirl.
~aldo	chief, principal	stasyonaldo station-master; partedaldo party-leader; orkestraldo orchestra-leader; stafaldo chief of staff.
~an	member of a class	civan, civin citizen (m, f); feldan, feldin peasant, peasant woman; samriligan, ~gin coreligionist (m, f).
~an	animal family	bovan(-os) bovidae; ruminan ruminant; shafan(-os) ovidae; ovan oviparous.
~aro	place	edaro refectory; pransaro dining-room; ludaro playing place; pregaro chapel.
~aryo	recipient	destinaryo addressee; latadaryo legatee; beneficaryo beneficiary.
~ava	containing	firava ferriferous; kuprava cupriferous; aurava auriferous; nilava having nothing, devoid, destitute.
~ayo	material thing	edayo food, victuals, feed; bevayo drink; dorayo something hard, callosity; medikayos medicines, drugs.
~azo	action	formazo formation; lustrazo polishing; saponazo soaping; koronazo coronation.
~eg	large, big, much very	domego big house; boyego big boy; granega very large; fortega very strong; edegi, bevegi to eat, to drink much.
~el	vaguely connected with root	~el has no particular meaning; only an indeterminate relation between word finishing with ~el and the corresponding root: flamel (from flam flame) will-o’-the-wisp; fancel (from fanso fancy) gadget.
~em	tendency, similarity	rubema reddish; jalema yellowish; edema greedy; bonema good-natured; karesemo wheedling; sonyemi to day-dream.
~enda	to be done	mendenda to be mended; verifikenda to be verified; lukenda to let; vendenda to sell; videnda worth seeing; bakenda to be sent back; agenda agenda (things to be done).
~ensi	to begin, to start	skurensi to darken; klamensi to start screaming; plorensi to start weeping.
~er	doing, occupation	vender seller; kofer buyer; oprer workman; operin workwoman; teniser tennisman; tenis(er)in tennisplayer (woman); kanter singer.
~eso	quality, nature	boneso goodness; beleso beauty; prudenso (contraction of prudenteso) prudence; albeso whiteness; nereso blackness.
~est	superlative	belesta most beautiful; granesta the largest; bonesta the best; malesta the worst.
~et	diminutive	boyet little boy; felet little girl; domet small house; promenet stroll, short walk; beveti to sip.
~eyo	group (collective)	omeyo humanity; yuneyo young people; nobleyo nobility (noble people); Kristeyo Christendom.
~graf	practice, science, art	geograf geografer; geografa geographic; geografio geography; biograf biographer; biografa, ~fio biographical, ~aphy.
~ia	possessive	kia whose; nilunia nobody’s; tosia everybody’s; lo povia viv the poor man’s life.
~ibl	that may be	ibla available; posibla possible; vidibla visible; vendibla saleable; lektibla readable; noposibla impossible.
~id	descendant	Eraklid Heraclidan; Israelid Israelite; latinida of latin origin.
~ie	cause	kie for what reason, why; etie for this reason; nilie for no reason; kelie for any reason; somie for some reason.
~if	determining, causing	dormifa soporific; exitifa exciting; benifa helpful, beneficial; lezifa prejudicial.
~ig	to go	bedigi to go to bed; dormigi to go to sleep; fensigi to go to the window; laborigi to go to work.
~ij	to become	dormiji to fall asleep; oldiji to grow old; vidibliji to become visible; beliji to grow beautiful.
~il	instrument, tool	kotil knife; kupil scissors; oril clock, watch; sidil chair; korkil (dikorkil) corkscrew; razil razor; nuxil nutcrackers; domil household apparatus; sukril sugar tongs; dentil tooth pick; stiril ironing tool.
~in	feminine	doktorin lady doctor; roin queen; venderin salesgirl; pinterin woman painter; kuderin seamstress; leonin lioness; tigrin tigress.
~ind	having done	vidinde having seen; ricinde having received; oldijinde having grown old; oldijinda who has grown old.
~inil	small container	sukrinil sugar basin, sugar bowl; salinil salt-cellar; teinil tea-pot; kafinil coffee-pot; pepinil pepper-pot.
~ingo	machine	lavingo washing-machine; plateningo washing-up machine.
~io⁽¹⁾	art, trade; a whole, a set	kemio chemistry; glifio engraving; medikio medicine; panio bakery, baker’s shop; industrio industry; oldio old people, old things; socio society.
~ior	means of transport	peskior fishing-boat; delior destroyer; ivior aircraft carrier; bombior bomber; petrolior tanker.
~ir	comparative	altira taller, higher; granira larger; letira smaller; fortira stronger; klevira more clever; ofira more frequent; ofire more often.
~is	reflexive	mirisi to look at oneself; punisi to punish oneself; permisi to take the liberty; mi permisar ve disturbi I take the liberty of disturbing you.
~ism, ~ist	doctrine, partisan	socalismo socialism; socalist(a) socialist; paxismo pacifism; paxist, ~a pacifist; idealismo, ~ist(a) idealism, ~ist; komunismo, ~ist(a) communism, ~ist.
~it	illness, med. affection	difterit diphtheria; epit hepatitis; uremit uraemia; okit ophthalmia.
~log, ~a, ~io⁽¹⁾	science, art	dermolog, ~a, ~io dermatologist, ~ogical, ~ogy; grafolog, ~a, ~io graphologist, ~ogical, ~ogy.
~ol	young animal, diminutive	ipol colt, foal; bovol calf; dorfol hamlet; domol small lodging; bastol small rod, small stick.
~ond	going to; to come	pluvonda it is going to rain; venonda to come; nel mesos venonda in the coming months; lo shipos departonda the ships that are going to depart.
~orio⁽¹⁾	factory	bisqitorio biscuit factory; telorio linen manufactory; kordorio rope-making; rope-manufactory.
~oyo⁽²⁾	furniture	skriboyo desk, writing-table; klozoyo cupboard, wardrobe; frigoyo refrigerator, cooler.
~oz	abundance	rikozo great riches; rikoza very rich; lumoza luminous; lumozo effulgence, sheen, glare.
~uc	reciprocity	libuci to love each other; libucu! love each other!; elpuco mutual aid; bon boyos elpucar good boys help one another.
~ul	tiny	omul homuncule; infanul tiny tot; manul tiny hand; pedul tiny foot; katul kitty (cat).
~un⁽³⁾	individual	lo vunun the wounded man; lo vunin the wounded woman; malun bad man; malin bad woman; prizun prisoner; prizin woman prisoner.
~uyo⁽⁴⁾	container, small place or book	sigaretuyo cigarette-case; okiluyo spectacle-case; totuyo hold-all, bin; garduyo sentry-box; orduruyo dustbin, garbage-can; adresuyo directory; trenuyo railway time-table; oruyo time-table; fonuyo call-box, telephone booth; fonadresuyo telephone directory.
~ye	place ⁽⁵⁾	klezye at church, to church; kinye at the movies, to the movies; Londonye in London, to London; Bruxelye at Brussels, to Brussels; skolye at school, to school; domye home, at home; toye everywhere; somye somewhere; nilye nowhere.
~yer, ~eyer	plant, tree	pomyer apple-tree; rozyer rose-tree; frutyer fruit-tree; piceyer peach-tree; pirseyer pear-tree; fragyer strawberry plant.
~yes	frequency, occasion	somyes sometimes; mulyes many times; kanyes how many times; duyes twice; ekyes hundred times; idyes one day; pasidyes some days ago; naridyes one of these coming days.

⁽¹⁾ – pron.: i-o
⁽²⁾ – pron.: o-yo
⁽³⁾ – fem.: ~in
⁽⁴⁾ – pron.: u-yo

⁽⁵⁾ The suffix ~ye to be used only for towns countries (Parisye in, to Paris; Fransye in, to France; Romye in, to Rome; Italye in, to Italy) or when speaking of places in general:

mi gar klezye	I am going to church
mi gar al San Paul klezo	I am going to St. Paul’s Church
el gar skolye	she goes to school
el gar al Normaskol	she goes to the Normal School
il sun gor al Ingenerskol	he will soon go to the Engineering School
mi Universitye	I am at the University
il gor skolye xenye	he will go to school abroad
il gor a un xena skol	he will go to a foreign school
il gor skolye dorfye	he will go to school in the village
il gor al dorfoskol	he will go to the village school